Government of
the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires
Neuropsychiatric Hospital "José Tiburcio Borda"
Laboratory of
Electroneurobiological Research
and Journal
Electroneurobiology
ISSN:
0328-0446
The nervous principle:
active versus passive electric processes in neurons
by
Danko Dimchev Georgiev
Electroneurobiología
2004; 12 (2), pp. 169-230; URL
<http://electroneubio.secyt.gov.ar/index2.htm>
Copyright
© 2004 del autor / by the author. Esta
es una investigación de acceso público; su copia exacta y redistribución por
cualquier medio están permitidas bajo la condición de conservar esta noticia y
la referencia completa a su publicación incluyendo la URL original (ver
arriba). / This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and redistribution
of this article are permitted in all media for any purpose, provided this
notice is preserved along with the article's full citation and original URL
(above).
Correspondencia / Contact: dankomed[-at—]yahoo.com
Acceso de red permanente: puede obtener un archivo .PDF (recomendado: 2,1 MB)
o .DOC (1,5 MB) para
imprimir esta investigación, de / You can download a .PDF (recommended: 2.1 MB)
or .DOC (1.5 MB) file
for printing, from <http://electroneubio.secyt.gov.ar/index2.html
Abstract: This essay presents in the first section a comprehensive
introduction to classical electrodynamics. The reader is acquainted with some
basic concepts like right-handed coordinate system, vector calculus, particle
and field fluxes, and learns how to calculate electric and magnetic field
strengths in different neuronal compartments.
Then the
exposition comes to explain the basic difference between a passive and an
active neural electric process; a brief historical perspective on the nervous
principle is also provided. A thorough description is supplied of the nonlinear
mechanism generating action potentials in different compartments, with focus on
dendritic electroneurobiology. Concurrently, the electric field intensity and
magnetic flux density are estimated for each neuronal compartment.
Observations
are then discussed, succinctly as the calculated results and experimental data
square. Local neuronal magnetic flux density is less than 1/300
of the Earth’s magnetic field, explaining why any neuronal magnetic signal
would be suffocated by the surrounding noise. In contrast the electric field
carries biologically important information and thus, as it is well known, acts
upon voltage-gated transmembrane ion channels that generate neuronal action
potentials. Though the transmembrane difference in electric field intensity
climbs to ten million volts per meter, the intensity of the electric field is
estimated to be only ten volts per meter inside the neuronal cytoplasm.
Table of Contents
Classical electrodynamics.......................................................... 173
Right-handed coordinate
systems............................................... 173
Vectors.................................................................................... 173
Gradient................................................................................... 174
Particle and Field
Fluxes............................................................ 175
Electric field............................................................................. 175
Electric currents........................................................................ 178
Magnetic field........................................................................... 179
Electromagnetic
induction.......................................................... 181
Maxwell’s equations.................................................................. 182
Electric and magnetic fields in neurons..................................... 185
Passive electric
properties - cable equation................................. 188
Spread of voltage in
space and time........................................ 191
Assessment of the
electric field intensity................................. 192
Propagation of local
electric currents....................................... 192
Active electric
properties - the action potential............................ 193
Nernst equation and
diffusion potentials.................................. 193
Resting membrane
potential................................................... 194
Generation of the
action potential........................................... 195
Dendrites................................................................................. 200
Electric intensity in
dendritic cytoplasm................................... 202
Electric currents in
dendrites.................................................. 205
Magnetic flux density
in dendritic cytoplasm............................ 205
Active dendritic
properties...................................................... 208
Neuronal somata....................................................................... 215
Axons...................................................................................... 216
The Hodgkin-Huxley
model of axonal firing.............................. 217
Passive axonal
properties....................................................... 220
Electric intensity in
the axonal cytoplasm................................ 222
Magnetic flux density
in axonal cytoplasm............................... 222
Electric fields in
membranes...................................................... 223
References................................................................................. 224
COMPLETE
ТЕXТ :
Calcule intensidades eléctricas y
magnéticas en cada compartimiento neuronal: " The
nervous principle: active versus passive electric processes in neurons " (Explains how to calculate electric and
magnetic field strengths in different neuronal compartments) (LONG FILE
in English with Bulgarian, Russian and Spanish abstracts)
Puede leer, imprimir o guardar en su disco
duro esta investigación en versión .PDF
(2,1 Mb): recomendada) o .DOC (1,5
Mb): <
http://electroneubio.secyt.gov.ar/index2.html >
АБСТРАКТ
НА БЪЛГАРСКИ SUMARIO
CASTELLANO РЕЗЮМЕ
НА РУССКОМ
ЯЗЫКЕ
Croquis de este sitio -
Outline of this site
Índice - Table des matières - Inhaltsverzeichnis - Table
of Contents
Se recomienda mucho leer
o imprimir algunos de los trabajos mas extensos con el programa Acrobat Reader,
que puede obtenerse gratuitamente pulsando aqui 
Haga doble "click" en el título de cualquier
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SUMÁRIO EM LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA SUMARIO CASTELLANO
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